Adaptation as a main law of training
If a training routine is planned and executes correctly, the result of systematic exercise is improvement of the athlete’s physical fitness, particularly strength, as the body adapts to physical load.In a broad sense, adaptation means the adjustment of an organism to its environment. If the environment changes, the organism changes to better survive in the new conditions.In biology, adaptation is considered one of the main features of living species.
Exercise or regular physical activity is a very powerful stimulus for adaptation. The major objective in training is to induce specific adaptation in order improve sport performance. This requires adherence to a carefully planned and executed training program. From practical point of view, the following four features of the adaptation process assume primary importance for sport training:
1. Stimulus magnitude(overload)
2. Accommodation
3. Specificity
4. Individualization
Immediate and delayed effects of training
Immediately after training session, performance usually worsens due to fatigue. Nobody expects to become stronger after one set or drills or a single training session. So, whydo multiple training sessions end in performance improvement? Improvemet happens because the body adapts to the training load.
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